Stavropol part. An ancient-geographical region regarding Russian Federation located in the central region away from Subcaucasia, involving the Kuban Lake (and you may Kuban part) towards the west, the latest Terek region to your the southern part of, new Wear area on north, the new Kalmyk Independent Republic towards northeast, as well as the countries of your Caucasian mountain peoples to the south and you may southwest. The fresh new Stavropol area fundamentally matches from inside the area toward previous Stavropol gubernia (within the 18611920 edge, 59,500 sq . kilometer) in addition to later Stavropol krai, reduced the fresh Karachai-Cherkess Independent oblast (66,five-hundred sq . kilometer).
Physical geography. The big part of the Stavropol area are occupied because of the Stavropol Upland; new small bit keeps parts of this new Caspian Lowland throughout the eastern, the Kuma-Manych Anxiety from the northern, as well as the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains on southwestern. The fresh new environment of your own Stavropol part try transitional, from temperate continental from the west so you can more dry plus continental on east. The higher ones https://kissbridesdate.com/fr/femmes-ecossaises-chaudes/ include the Yegorlyk (and that moves on the Manych), the newest Kalaus, the fresh Kuma, and Kuban and its upper tributaries, the fresh Velykyi Zelenchuk plus the Malyi Zelenchuk (come across Zelenchuk streams). River water can be used getting irrigation. Small, primarily saline lakes are plentiful; the largest is the slim but 160-km-much time River Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
Nevertheless situated Stavropol area stayed sparsely inhabited by nomadic Nogay Tatars (a beneficial Turkic-speaking people) and you will Kalmyk people (a beneficial Mongol-speaking category), whom together numbered on the 80,000
The grounds on western and you will central a portion of the Stavropol region is actually certain chernozems and you can chestnut soils; for the eastern and you can northeast they getting light chestnut. This new pure flowers plus alter eastward with decreasing moisture, of meadow fescuefeather yard steppe so you can dry fescuefeather lawn steppe and semidesert plant life out-of wormwood, deceased fescue, and you can feather turf. On even more moist a portion of the Stavropol Upland plus the fresh Caucasus foothills new natural plants are forest-steppe which have oak-hornbeam-beech forest. Now both the steppe and tree-steppe are nearly entirely cleared getting agriculture.
History. In the mid-16th century the brand new Caucasus additionally the Stavropol part started to come to the contact with Muscovite colonization. On the 16th and you can seventeenth ages Subcaucasia knowledgeable the newest beginnings regarding Cossack colonization (the fresh Don Cossacks on west therefore the Terek Cossacks for the the east). Caucasian hill peoples, the latest Karachai additionally the Cherkess, stayed in the latest foothills of your area.
Early in brand new 18th century the new Stavropol area nominally turned into an element of the Russian Empire. Permanent settlements, although not, weren’t founded until the history one-fourth of one’s century, whenever, for the 177780, brand new Russian regulators depending a type of forts, the newest Mozdok-Azov line, that have head office from the Stavropol, to support the Caucasian slope individuals. By 1785 the brand new Stavropol region molded element of Caucasus oblast, that has been redesignated an excellent gubernia for the 1802. Adopting the several term change it absolutely was appointed because the Stavropol gubernia inside 1847. Their boundaries was in the long run fixed inside the 1861, whether it are broke up out of Terek oblast. Weighed against Kuban oblast and Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (as the 1898) wasn’t element of Caucasus krai.
Up until the 1930s the Stavropol part try settled by the one another Ukrainians and Russians, and you may constituted part of contiguous, albeit mixed, Ukrainian ethnographic region
The new Russian authorities promoted this new quick colonization of your Stavropol part in order to introduce a bottom having army procedures about Caucasus. Part of you to definitely aim is achieved by the fresh new giving of choice tracts of home so you’re able to Russian noblemen, which paid them with the serfs. A far more tall reason behind colonization, not, is actually the brand new natural settlement because of the condition peasants who have been unimpeded from the this new central regulators. In fact the imperial authorities legalized extant claims into the ukase from 1804 and you may offered assistance to people who’d compensated during the new Stavropol part. Towards the end of your 1850s the people regarding Stavropol gubernia had increased to 340,000 (5.5 individuals for each and every sq kilometer). The merely town, Stavropol, expanded from about 3,000 customers into the 1800 so you can 17,600 residents when you look at the 1853. The most densely compensated parts were new steppes between your Yegorlyk additionally the Kalaus streams together with Kalaus Lake area. The population regarding Stavropol gubernia (in addition to Terek oblast) from inside the 1853 contains forty eight.eight per cent Cossacks, 32 percent state peasants, 16.dos % nomadic herders, and you may 3.one percent serfs and others.